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Eugène Henri Paul Gauguin (7 June 1848 – 8 May 1903)
Gauguin was a leading Post-Impressionist
painter.
His bold experimentation with colouring led directly to the Synthetist style of
modern art
while his expression of the inherent meaning of the subjects in his paintings,
under the influence of the cloisonnist style.He paved the way to Primitivism and the return to the pastoral. He was
also an influential exponent of wood engraving and woodcuts.
Gauguin had been interested in
art since his childhood. In his free time, he began painting. He often visited
galleries frequently and purchased work by emerging artists. Gauguin formed a
friendship with Camille Pissarro whom introduced him to various other artists.
As he progressed in his art, Gauguin rented a studio, and showed paintings in Impressionist
exhibitions.
Under the influence of folk art and Japanese
prints, Gauguin evolved towards Cloisonnism, a style given its name by the
critic Dujardin in response to Emile Bernard's enamelling technique. Gauguin
was very appreciative of Bernard's art and of his daring with the employment of
a style which suited Gauguin in his search to express the essence of the
objects in his art.
In The
Yellow Christ (1889), often cited as a quintessential Cloisonnist work,
the image was reduced to areas of pure color separated by heavy black outlines.
In such works Gauguin paid little attention to classical perspective and boldly
eliminated subtle gradations of colour, thereby dispensing with the two most
characteristic principles of post-Renaissance painting.
In 1903, due to a problem with the church and
the government, he was then sentenced to three months in prison. He died of syphilis
before he could start the prison sentence. His body had been weakened by alcohol.
Gauguin died on May 8, 1903 and is buried in Calvary
Cemetery .
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